[atomcis.types.operations]p1 says:

[Note: Many operations are volatile-qualified. The “volatile as device register” semantics have not changed in the standard. This qualification means that volatility is preserved when applying these operations to volatile objects. It does not mean that operations on non-volatile objects become volatile. — end note]

But that's not been true since C++17: P0612R0 changed the rule precisely so that operations on non-volatile objects accessed via volatile-qualified glvalues are volatile operations.

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